Geographical Indications

A geographical indication (GI) is a sign used on products that have a specific geographical origin and possess qualities, reputation, or characteristics that are essentially attributable to that place of origin. Examples include Darjeeling tea, Basmati rice, Mysore silk, and Kancheepuram sarees. GI protection prevents others from misusing the name to sell products that do not originate from the designated region.

Under the Geographical Indications of Goods (Registration and Protection) Act, 1999, any association of persons, producers, organisation, or authority established by law representing the interests of the producers of the goods can apply for GI registration. Individual producers cannot apply on their own. The application must demonstrate the link between the product’s qualities and its geographical origin.

A GI registration in India is valid for 10 years and can be renewed indefinitely for successive 10-year periods.

A trademark identifies the goods or services of a specific business and is owned by that business. A GI identifies goods as originating from a specific geographical region and is collectively owned by the producers of that region. A trademark can be licensed or assigned. A GI cannot be transferred or licensed to producers outside the designated region. Both can coexist, and we advise on strategies that leverage both forms of protection.